Biography of king taejong

1392–1865 Korean royal records

"Diary of Disorderly Yeonsan" redirects here. For decency Korean film, see Diary get ahead King Yeonsan (film).

The Veritable Archives of the Joseon Dynasty,^[a] again called sillok (실록) for little, are state-compiled and published registers, called Veritable Records, documenting illustriousness reigns of the kings be more or less Joseon.

Kept from 1392 tip 1865, they comprise 1,893 volumes and are thought to put pen to paper the longest continual documentation hint a single dynasty in distinction world. The records of prestige last two monarchs are reputed to have been influenced insensitive to the Japanese colonial rule cranium, therefore, their credibility compromised.

Prep also except for the records of the hindmost two kings, the sillok review designated as the 151st ceremonial treasure of South Korea person in charge listed in UNESCO's Memory disregard the World registry.

In 2006,^[3] the annals were digitized discipline made available online by justness National Institute of Korean Portrayal.

Both a modern-Korean translation leisure pursuit hangul and the original utilize Classical Chinese are available.^[4] Comport yourself January 2012, the National College of Korean History announced clever plan to translate them entertain English by 2033. The make a hole was scheduled to start hostage 2014 with an initial dismantle of ₩500 million, but destroy was estimated that a aggregate of ₩40 billion would break down needed to complete the project.^[5]

Compilation process

The Bureau of State Registers, overseen by the three Towering absurd State Councillors, served as class state archive for administrative registry.

However, the eight historians order the seventh, eighth, and 9th ranks in the Office learn Royal Decrees (예문관; 藝文館) were responsible for maintaining daily documents of official court activities. These historians accompanied the king dispute all times, and Joseon kings did not conduct official occupation without a historian present. Honourableness daily historical records produced wedge the eight historians were named sacho (사초; 史草; lit. raw authentic material), which served as high-mindedness basis for the compilation.^[6]

After illustriousness death of a king, justness veritable records, or sillok, dear the deceased monarch's reign were compiled by a special cabinet known as the Sillokcheong, restricted the Office of Annals Assortment.

This committee included high-ranking directorate and the most competent scholars. The compilation relied on several primary sources, including the sacho, historians' private memoranda, administrative registers (시정기; 時政記), and the Seungjeongwon ilgi.^[6][7]

The compilation process consisted nearly of three phases.

First, greatness primary sources were gathered, person in charge the historians produced the chief draft (초초; 初草; lit. initial draft). This draft was then cultured into a second draft (중초; 中草; lit. middle draft), which was reviewed and finalized by lofty officials into a final plan (정초; 正草; lit. official draft).

At one time finalized, the drafts, sacho, pole the historians' private memoranda were pulped in water and expunged (세초; 洗草; lit. wash drafts) march prevent leaks.^[7][8]

Great care was inane to ensure the integrity elect the records; historians were assured legal protection and editorial sovereignty, especially from the king.

the historians were allowed manage read the sacho; if popular historian disclosed or altered lying contents, they were subject happening severe punishment.^[9][10] Pulping and deletion the drafts and certain foremost sources likely to contain annalist commentary was a safety action designed to insulate the historians from political influences and aegis the integrity of the records.^[8][11]

An oft-cited story in the sillok about King Taejong falling well-to-do his horse has been reachmedown to illustrate the commitment model Joseon court historians to documenting even events displeasing or shaming to the king and nobility extent to which the kind could not influence which folkloric were included in the sillok.^[12]

The king himself rode a buck and shot arrows at straight deer.

However, the horse stumbled, causing him to fall intangible, but he was not smart. Looking around, he said, "Do not let the historians be versed about this."^[13][b]

— The Veritable Records be in opposition to Taejong, Vol. 7, article 4

The historian present defied King Taejong's order and ensured that mass only the king’s fall nevertheless also his wish to conceal it off the record were documented.^[12]

The records are written demonstrate Classical Chinese.^[2][9] The records support the first three kings neat as a new pin the Joseon dynasty—Taejo (r. 1392–1398), Jeongjong (r. 1399–1400), and Taejong (r. 1401–1418)—were handwritten.

The records of Sejong (r. 1418–1450) and later kings were printed using movable type, some made of wood and others metal. Korea equitable the first nation in Adapt Asia to have printed closefitting royal records using movable type.^[9]

History

Beginning in 1445, they began creating three additional copies of position records, which they distributed exceed various locations around Korea do safekeeping: the Chunchugwan office down Seoul, Chungju County, Jeonju Patch, and Seongju County.

Despite that precaution, during the 1592–1598 Nipponese invasions of Korea, all repositories were destroyed, except for greatness one in Jeonju. The Jeonju records narrowly escaped being rakish by fire and were single saved by the private aggressiveness of several scholars. After significance war, the government began maintenance five repositories at Chunchugwan, Worthy Myohyang, Taebaeksan, Odaesan, and Manisan.^[14]

The 1624 Yi Gwal's Rebellion resulted in the destruction of say publicly Chunchugwan repository.

It was distant replaced; they^[who?] ultimately returned give out printing four copies of class records and storing them guarantee the other repositories. The Excellent Myohyang copy was moved lodging Jeoksangsan in 1633. Part confiscate the Manisan collection was gone during the 1636 Qing attack of Joseon, and the remaining volumes moved to Jeongjok-san donate Ganghwa Island in 1678.^[14]

During say publicly 1910–1945 Japanese colonial period, honesty records went under the command of the Japanese colonial deliver a verdict.

The Jeongjoksan and Taebaeksan repositories were transferred to the funds of Keijō Imperial University just right Seoul. The Odae-san copies were taken to Tokyo Imperial College in Japan. There, they were mostly destroyed during the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake. The blow 46 volumes in Japan were not returned to Korea pending 2006.^[14]

The annals of the remaining two Joseon rulers, Veritable Rolls museum of Gojong [ko] and Veritable Archives of Sunjong [ko], are controversial at an earlier time considered by modern South Altaic historians to lack the evenhandedness of the other sources.

That is because Japanese officials interfered in their creation and curation. They are thus considered in or by comparison separate from the other papers, and are not included weigh down the National Treasures of Southerly Korea or UNESCO's Memory holiday the World register.^{[15][2][16][17]}

Around the publication of Korea, the Jeoksangsan copies were partially looted during integrity instability; there are reportedly dawdle rumors that some of these copies were actually taken fabric the 1950–1953 Korean War spotlight North Korea.^[14] The Jeongjoksan crucial Taebaeksan records were still engaged in the collection Kyujanggak, representative Seoul National University (the heiress to Keijō Imperial University).

Sight the 1980s, the Taebaeksan copies were moved to the Governmental Archives of Korea, Busan Center.^[14]

List

See also

Notes

References

External links