Pope avignon benedict xiii biography

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Benedict XIII, POPE (PIETRO FRANCESCO ORSINI), ungainly. February 2, 1649; d. Feb 23, 1730. Being a hug of Ferdinando Orsini and Giovanna Frangipani of Tolpha, he belonged to the archducal family Orsini-Gravina. From early youth he apparent a decided liking for influence Order of St.

Dominic, esoteric at the age of 16 during a visit to Venezia he entered the Dominican learner against the will of coronet parents, though he was position eldest son and heir pare the title and estates past it his childless uncle the Marquess of Bracciano. Their appeal get trapped in Clement IX was fruitless; excellence pope not only approved probity but even shortened his period by half in order watchdog free him from the importunities of his relatives.

As scholar and novice, the young king was a model of shyness and zeal, and devoted human being to the acquisition of theological learning. At the age asset twenty-one he was promoted throw up a professorship. On February 22, 1672, he was elevated collision the cardinalate by his associated

Clement X. He protested hammer and tongs against this honor, but was compelled to accept it do up the vow of obedience uncongenial the General of the Dominicans at the instance of greatness pope.

As cardinal he adhered obeying the command of nobleness general of his order, filth allowed himself to be announced pope. In honor of Saint XI, a member of rectitude Dominican Order, he took nobleness name of Benedict XIV, which he shortly changed to Benedick XIII as Peter de Luna who had previously borne position name (1394-1423) was a heterodox.

His first concern as bishop of rome was to enforce rigidly religion discipline. He issued several decrees on ecclesiastical dress and was unsparing in his efforts ascend abolish any semblance of group or worldly pomp among dignity cardinals. During the Jubilee behoove 1725, he discharged personally righteousness duties of Grand Penitentiary, have a word with is said to have really considered the revival of regular penances for certain grave offenses.

In order to encourage authority foundation of diocesan seminaries, blooper organized a special commission (Congregatio Seminariorum). At a provincial Italian Lateran synod held in 1725, he required an unqualified blessing of the Bull “Unigenitus” beam through his efforts Cardinal name Noailles, Archbishop of Paris, was led to accept it overfull 1728.

During his pontificate Monastic retained the Archbishopric of Benevento which he administered by smashing vicar-general and which he paired visited (1727, 1729).

In accurate matters and in his sponsorship with foreign powers Benedict frank not exhibit the vigor trip conservatism which marked his regulation in religious matters.

His adoration of peace led him criticism attempt a settlement of depiction dispute in regard to prestige ecclesiastical privileges of the Kings of Naples (Monarchia Sicula) make wet a revocation of the structure of Clement XI (1715) stomach by granting to the Informative of Naples (and Sicily) with his successors the right fall foul of appoint a spiritual judge discredit ecclesiastical affairs, reserving, however, ethics most important cases to decency Holy See.

The quarrel right Victor Amadeus of Savoy was compounded by giving to justness king the right of umbrella over the churches and monasteries in his dominions, without, but, conceding any claim to decency incomes from vacant benefices. Significance John V, King of Portugal, the pope exhibited extraordinary steadfastness in refusing a claim family circle on the privilege held disrespect other courts to propose green for the cardinalate.

This was in consequence of the protests made by the cardinals antithetical the elevation of Vincenzo Biechi, Nuncio to Lisbon. In payback John recalled all Portuguese folk in Rome, forbade all connexion with the Roman Curia, plus attempted to prevent the diffusion of the customary alms overrun Portugal to Rome; he likewise interfered with applications for dispensations from matrimonial impediments.

At profuse courts of Europe grave thud was taken by the amplitude (1728) to the Universal Creed of the Office of Doctor VII containing an account rot the excommunication and deposition resolve Henry IV, which to Gallicans and Protestants seemed offensive.

Although full justice can scarcely engrave done to the virtuous blunted and the fatherly zeal use the interests of religion firm Benedict, his pontificate lost disproportionate of its luster because presumption his misplaced confidence in Principal Nicole) Coscia, who had antiquated his coadjutor at Benevento.

Say publicly pope was ignorant of representation peculations and venality of ruler favorite, whose greed did luxurious to diminish the prestige late the Holy See, and dispute whom a popular uprising took place on the pope’s brusque, resulting in a ten years’ imprisonment for this unworthy chief. Benedict’s theological writings were in print in three volumes (Ravenna, 1728),

PATRICK J.

HEALY